Regulation Of Blood Calcium Levels

Hormonal Control of Claret Calcium Levels

Regulation of blood calcium concentrations is important for generation of muscle contractions and nerve impulses, which are electrically stimulated. If calcium levels get too loftier, membrane permeability to sodium decreases and membranes become less responsive. If calcium levels get also low, membrane permeability to sodium increases and convulsions or muscle spasms may result.

Blood calcium levels are regulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH), which is produced by the parathyroid glands. PTH is released in response to low claret calcium levels. It increases calcium levels past targeting the skeleton, the kidneys, and the intestine . In the skeleton, PTH stimulates osteoclasts, which are cells that cause bone to be reabsorbed, releasing calcium from bone into the blood. PTH also inhibits osteoblasts, cells which eolith bone, reducing calcium deposition in os. In the intestines, PTH increases dietary calcium absorption and in the kidneys, PTH stimulates re-assimilation of the calcium. While PTH acts directly on the kidneys to increment calcium re-absorption, its effects on the intestine are indirect. PTH triggers the formation of calcitriol, an active course of vitamin D, which acts on the intestines to increase absorption of dietary calcium. PTH release is inhibited by ascension blood calcium levels.

Regulation of blood calcium levels

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is released in response to depression blood calcium levels. Information technology increases claret calcium levels past stimulating the resorption of bones, increasing calcium resorption in the kidneys, and indirectly increasing calcium absorption in the intestines.

Hyperparathyroidism results from an overproduction of PTH, which leads to excessive amounts of calcium being removed from bones and introduced into claret circulation. This may produce structural weakness of the basic, which can pb to deformation and fractures, plus nervous system impairment due to high blood calcium levels. Hypoparathyroidism, the underproduction of PTH, results in extremely low levels of blood calcium, which causes impaired musculus function and may effect in tetany (astringent sustained muscle contraction).

The hormone calcitonin, which is produced by the parafollicular (or C) cells of the thyroid, has the contrary effect on blood calcium levels as PTH. Calcitonin decreases blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclasts, stimulating osteoblasts, and stimulating calcium excretion by the kidneys. This results in calcium being added to the basic to promote structural integrity. Calcitonin is most important in children (when it stimulates bone growth), during pregnancy (when it reduces maternal bone loss), and during prolonged starvation (because information technology reduces bone mass loss). In healthy, nonpregnant, unstarved adults, the role of calcitonin is unclear.

Regulation Of Blood Calcium Levels,

Source: https://bluebox.creighton.edu/demo/modules/en-boundless-old/www.boundless.com/biology/textbooks/boundless-biology-textbook/the-endocrine-system-37/regulation-of-body-processes-212/hormonal-control-of-blood-calcium-levels-800-12036/index.html

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